What is the difference between CBC and 8-4-4 curriculum?

The main difference is that Kenya's former 8-4-4 system focused on rote memorization and high-stakes exams (KCPE/KCSE), aiming for content mastery, while the new Competency-Based Curriculum (CBC) focuses on practical skills, values, and holistic development, using continuous assessment (40%) alongside national exams (60%) to build real-world competencies like critical thinking, creativity, and problem-solving, making it more learner-centered and flexible.

What is the difference between 8-4-4 and CBC?

While the 8-4-4 system primarily emphasized academic achievement through summative national examinations, the CBC emphasizes formative and continuous assessment strategies designed to evaluate a broader range of learner competencies.

What are the advantages of CBC over 8-4-4 in Kenya?

The CBC is flexible while the 8-4-4 system is rigid. This means that the CBC allows for continuous assessment and feedback, while the 8-4-4 system relies on summative exams at the end of each level.

What is the 8-4-4 curriculum?

The 8-4-4 system that consists of 8 years of primary education, 4 years of secondary education, and 4 years of university education is attended by students who have completed two years of pre-school education (aged 3–6 years old).

What are the disadvantages of CBC?

CBC, competency-based curriculum.

• Data collection. ...
• Data analysis strategies. ...
• Rigour of the study. ...
• Ethical considerations. ...
• Findings. ...
• Negative attitudes towards learners with learning disabilities. ...
• Poor teacher preparation. ...
• Lack of resources.

#CBC Vs 8-4-4 Kenya's new education curriculum and it's challenges

What are the weakness of 8-4-4 system of education?

The 8-4-4 system, introduced in 1985, was designed to equip students with academic knowledge and practical skills. However, over time, it became heavily exam-oriented, emphasizing rote learning over critical thinking. The system was guided by outcomes (OBE), rather than ability.

Why is CBC better?

CBC has numerous benefits such as giving life skills and ethical skills to learners; it is learner-focused, has continued and competency-based assessment, focuses on competencies, it is digitally-based, encourages corporative learning; learners are involved in community services; parents are engaged in learners ...

What are the 4 types of curriculum?

While there are many ways to categorize curriculum, a common framework identifies four main types: the Explicit (or Formal) (planned lessons), the Implicit (or Hidden) (unintended lessons from school culture), the Null (what's intentionally omitted), and the Extracurricular (activities like sports/clubs). Another model focuses on the stages: Intended (planned), Implemented (taught), Assessed (evaluated), and Learned (retained). 

What is the new curriculum for 2025?

Nigeria's New School Curriculum- Lighter Load, Stronger Minds (2025/26) Beginning in the 2025/26 academic year, Nigerian schools will teach fewer, more focused subjects across primary, junior secondary, senior secondary, and technical pathways to cut overload and deepen learning.

How many years is the CBC curriculum?

COMPETENCY BASED CURRICULUM

CBC is designed to start at Pre-Primary when the child is four (4) years and ends at grade twelve (12) when the child is 17 years. The CBC structure is organized as follows; WHAT IS COMPETENCY BASED CURRICULUM?

What are the weaknesses of CBC in Kenya?

Weaknesses of a competency-based approach to design

it does not suit subject areas where it is difficult to prescribe specific competencies or where new skills and new knowledge need to be rapidly accommodated. it takes an objectivist approach to learning. it ignores the importance of social learning.

What are the three pillars of CBC in Kenya?

The seven pillars of the Competency-Based Curriculum (CBC) in Kenya are: Values, Community Service Learning, Parental Engagement, Competency-Based Assessment, Learner-Centered Pedagogy, Inclusion, and Technology Integration.

What are the challenges of transitioning from 8-4-4 system of education to CBC in Kenya?

Despite its vision, the CBC has faced challenges such as poor implementation planning, insufficient teacher training, resource gaps, and limited public understanding (TALENT, 2020).

What are the new changes in CBC curriculum?

The new curriculum structure (2-6-3-3) comprises 2 years of pre-primary, 6 years of primary, 3 years of junior school, and 3 years of senior school, replacing the old primary/secondary split. By 2019, however, CBC was rolled out in Grade 1 and has since advanced each year.

What is the philosophy behind the CBC?

Holistic Development: CBC emphasizes the development of competencies across cognitive, emotional, and social domains. It transcends traditional rote learning, fostering a more comprehensive educational experience.

How does the CBC differ from older curricula?

The Competency-Based Curriculum has emerged as a crucial factor in training students and teachers to thrive globally. The CBC emphasizes skills mastery and personalized student learning, breaking away from a traditional classroom setup and time restrictions.

What is the new Matatag curriculum?

Updated On | 29 May 2025

The MATATAG curriculum is a notable initiative that the DepED launched to ensure a relevant curriculum, which would ultimately equip students with in-demand skills and knowledge. It was a decisive step that has helped to shift from a teacher-centric to a student-centric learning environment.

What are the 7 types of curriculum?

The 7 types of curriculum, as defined by educator Allan A. Glatthorn, describe the different layers and experiences within education: Recommended (proposed by experts), Written (formal plans/syllabi), Taught (classroom delivery), Supported (materials/resources), Assessed (tests/evaluations), Learned (what students actually absorb), and the Hidden (unintended societal values) curriculum.
 

What is the new curriculum structure?

Change in Curriculum: A new curriculum system of 5+3+3+4 has been announced under NEP 2020 replacing the previous 10+2 system. A flexible education system that promotes child development is offered by the new system.

What are the 4 levels of curriculum?

It identifies four levels of curriculum improvement: Societal, Institutional, Instructional, and Experiential, each involving different stakeholders and influences. The document emphasizes the importance of these levels in shaping educational practices and policies.

What are the 4 C's of curriculum?

To develop successful members of the global society, education must be based on a framework of the Four C's: communication, collaboration, critical thinking and creative thinking.

What are the 8 curriculum areas?

There are eight curriculum areas:

• Expressive arts.
• Health and wellbeing.
• Languages (including English and modern languages)
• Mathematics.
• Religious and moral education.
• Sciences.
• Social studies.
• Technologies.

What is the difference between CBC and 8.4 4?

There are four major differences between the old 8-4-4 curriculum (8 years of primary, 4 years of secondary, and 4 years of undergraduate university education) and the new CBC (6 years of primary, 3 years of junior secondary, 3 years of senior secondary, and 4 years of undergraduate university education).

What are the red flags in a CBC?

CBC (Complete Blood Count) "red flags" are abnormal results in your blood test, like very high or low counts of red blood cells, white blood cells, or platelets, signaling potential issues such as infections, anemia, inflammation, bleeding disorders, or even blood cancers like leukemia or lymphoma, requiring further investigation with your doctor. Key flags include high WBCs (infection/inflammation/cancer), low RBCs/hemoglobin (anemia/bleeding), or unusual platelet levels (clotting/bleeding issues).
 

How biased is CBC?

A 2017 survey of Canadians found that CBC TV was the most biased national news media outlet (perceived biased by 50% of Canadians overall, tied with The Globe and Mail) followed closely by CBC Radio (perceived biased by 49% of Canadians overall).