What is the Dubois method?

The "Dubois method" most commonly refers to two distinct scientific techniques: the colorimetric phenol-sulfuric acid method for determining total sugars in biological samples and the formula for calculating Body Surface Area (BSA), both developed by French scientists named Dubois, but the term also applies to a specific physique training style by coach Rawdon Dubois. The sugar method involves dehydrating carbohydrates with sulfuric acid and phenol, producing a color change measured spectrophotometrically, while the BSA formula uses height and weight to estimate body size, crucial in medicine.

What is the Dubois formula?

The Du Bois and Du Bois formula is written as follows: BSA = 0.007184 x (height in cm)0.725 x (weight in kg)0.425 [3] This formula remains widely used today, though it also has limitations.

What is the principle of Dubois method?

The colorimetric method described by DuBois et al., (1956) is the most used to date for the determination of the concentration of carbohydrates in aqueous solutions. The basic principle of this method is that carbohydrates, when dehydrated by reaction with concentrated sulfuric acid, produce furfural derivatives.

What is the Dubois method of reaction?

Principle: This method, adopted from Dubois, et al. (1956), was based on the scientific principle that mixture of simple sugars, phenol and concentrated sulphuric acid (H2SO4) forms a yellowish orange colour. Calibration: A stock solution was prepared by diluting 150 mg of α – D – glucose in 1 L of distilled water.

How to calculate BMI and BSA?

BMI Formula

1. Convert pounds to kilograms: 210 pounds ÷ 2.2 kg/pound = 95.45 kg.
2. Calculate height in meters: 6 feet, 3 inches = 75 inches. 75 inches x 2.54 cm/inch = 190.5 centimeters (cm) 190.5 cm ÷ 100 cm/m = 1.905 meters. ...
3. Calculate BMI by dividing the weight by the height (m)2 95.45 kg ÷ 3.63 m2 = 26.3 kg/m2

The Dubois Method

What is a normal BSA range?

According to RxList, average BSA ranges are: Average body surface area for adult men (age 14+): 1.9 m2. Average body surface area for adult women (age 14+): 1.6 m2. Average body surface area for children (9 years): 1.07 m2. Average body surface area for children (10 years): 1.14 m2.

What is the BMI of 70 kg and 170 cm?

A person who is 170cm tall and weighs 70kg has a Body Mass Index (BMI) of approximately 24.2, which falls into the healthy weight range (typically 18.5–24.9), calculated by dividing weight (70) by height squared (1.70m x 1.70m = 2.89).
 

What are the 4 tests for carbohydrates?

The document describes procedures to test for the presence of carbohydrates in a sample. It outlines four tests - Molisch's test, Fehling's test, Tollen's test, and iodine test. Molisch's and Fehling's tests detect reducing sugars like glucose and lactose, while Tollen's test detects only reducing sugars.

What is the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd order reaction?

First, second, and third-order reactions describe how the rate of a chemical reaction changes with reactant concentration, defined by the exponents (orders) in the rate law: a first-order reaction rate doubles when concentration doubles (Rate = k[A]¹); a second-order rate quadruples (Rate = k[A]² or k[A][B]); and a third-order rate increases by eight times (doubling concentration) (Rate = k[A]³ or k[A]²[B] or k[A][B][C]), indicating how sensitive the speed is to changes in each reactant's amount.
 

How to calculate the value of delta H?

To calculate delta H (enthalpy change), you can use standard formation enthalpies (ΔHf∘cap delta cap H sub f raised to the composed with powerΔ𝐻∘𝑓) for products minus reactants, experimental calorimetry (q=mcΔTq equals m c cap delta cap T𝑞=𝑚𝑐Δ𝑇) for heat transfer, or bond enthalpies (reactants minus products), depending on the data available. The most common method involves summing the ΔHf∘cap delta cap H sub f raised to the composed with powerΔ𝐻∘𝑓 of products and subtracting the sum for reactants: ΔHreaction=∑ΔHf∘(products)−∑ΔHf∘(reactants)cap delta cap H sub r e a c t i o n end-sub equals sum of cap delta cap H sub f raised to the composed with power open paren products close paren minus sum of cap delta cap H sub f raised to the composed with power open paren reactants close parenΔ𝐻𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛=Δ𝐻∘𝑓(products)−Δ𝐻∘𝑓(reactants). 

What are the methods for estimation of reducing sugars?

Several methods are available for estimation of reducing sugars. They include chemical, polarimetric and chromatographic methods. However, for routine analysis of food products, Lane and Eynon chemical method is most widely used. Non-reducing sugars and starch are first converted into reducing sugars for estimation.

What is the mechanism of glucose oxidase?

Glucose oxidase catalyzes the oxidation of β -d-glucose to d-glucono- δ -lactone and hydrogen peroxide in the presence of molecular oxygen. d-glucono- δ -lactone is sequentially hydrolyzed by lactonase to d-gluconic acid, and the resulting hydrogen peroxide is hydrolyzed by catalase to oxygen and water.

What is the colorimetric method of determination?

Colorimetric assays use a colorimeter (spectrophotometer) to determine concentration of a chemical compound in a solution by measuring spectral absorbance of the compound at a particular wavelength. A color is formed during the reaction of a detection chemical with the target substance.

What is the Dubois method for sugar estimation?

The Dubois method is an extremely versatile method for the determination of carbohydrates21. It is based on the prior conversion of sugars into furfural derivatives on heating with strong acids, followed by the formation of a coloured complex with phenol.

How to calculate BMI in inches and lbs?

Then, calculate BMI by dividing weight in pounds (lb) by height in inches (in) squared and multiply by 703.

What's the difference between BSA and BMI?

In comparison to BMI, BSA is regarded as a better indicator of metabolic mass and provides a more comprehensive view of body size by considering the entire surface area.

What is the 3 order rate law?

A third order reaction definition involves a type of chemical reaction where the rate of reaction depends on the concentration of three reactant molecules. The overall order of the reaction is the sum of the powers of the concentration terms in the rate law, and for a third-order reaction, this sum is three.

What is zero order vs first order?

While zero-order kinetics involve a constant rate of elimination, first-order kinetics show a concentration-dependent rate. These distinctions impact how drugs are dosed, monitored, and adjusted in clinical settings, ultimately influencing patient safety and treatment efficacy.

What does ⇌ mean in chemistry?

In chemistry, the symbol ⇌ (a double-headed arrow) signifies a reversible reaction, meaning reactants form products, and simultaneously, products reform reactants, reaching a state of dynamic equilibrium where rates of forward and reverse reactions are equal, resulting in constant concentrations. It's used instead of a single arrow (→) for reactions that don't go to completion, indicating both directions are active.
 

What are the 4 types of carbohydrates?

How are carbohydrates classified? Carbohydrates are divided into four types: monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides. Monosaccharides consist of a simple sugar; that is, they have the chemical formula C6H12O6. Disaccharides are two simple sugars.

What is the color test for carbohydrates?

Add 2-3 drops of alcoholic solution of 1% 1-naphthol in test tube 'A' and then pour 2 mL conc. H2SO4 down the sides of the test tube so that it forms a separate layer at the bottom of the test tube. The formation of a purple ring at the interface of the two layers confirms the presence of carbohydrates.

What is the iodine test?

The iodine test is a blood test that checks the iodine level and helps screen for iodine deficiency. Iodine is an essential element that is required for thyroid hormone production of thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3).

What kg is obese?

under 18.5kg/m2 – you are considered underweight and possibly malnourished. 18.5 to 24.9kg/m2 – you are within a healthy weight range for young and middle-aged adults. 25.0 to 29.9kg/m2– you are considered overweight. over 30kg/m2 – you are considered obese.

What is BMI in Death Clock Male?

A simple calculation shows that the lowest point of the BMI-mortality curve occurred at BMI of 28.1 for men and 27.2 for women. These values correspond to published findings, with lowest mortality risk for older men and women in the overweight range.

Is 48 kg a good weight for a 5'2" female?

Ideal body weight (men) = 50 kg + 1.9 kg for every inch above 5 feet. Ideal body weight (women) = 49 kg + 1.7 kg for every inch above 5 feet.