What is the most cited scientific paper ever?

The most cited scientific paper is almost universally recognized as the 1951 "Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent" by Lowry, Rosebrough, Farr, and Randall, published in the Journal of Biological Chemistry, describing a method for quantifying protein, which has amassed hundreds of thousands of citations and remains a foundational technique in biology. Other extremely highly cited papers often include methods for DNA/RNA analysis, like Laemmli's 1970 gel electrophoresis paper or Sanger's DNA sequencing work, and influential software/algorithms like ClustalW.

What is the most cited scientific paper of all time?

A study (Van Noorden et al.) investigated this very topic using citation data provided by Thomson Reuters. According to their analysis, the top cited paper of all time is an article on protein research written in 1951 and has been cited 305,000 times.

What is the most highly cited paper ever retracted?

A 2002 Nature paper claiming that adult stem cells from bone marrow can become nearly any cell type has been retracted by Nature, making it the most-cited retracted paper ever...

Is 20 citations a lot?

almost 44% of all published manuscripts are never cited. If you have even 1 citations for a manuscript you are already (almost!) in the top half (top 55.8%). With 10 or more citations, your work is now in the top 24% of the most cited work worldwide; this increased to the top 1.8% as you reach 100 or more citations.

Is 1000 citations a lot?

Yes, 1,000 citations is a very significant achievement, placing a paper in the top tier (often top 1%) of research, though its exact weight depends heavily on the academic field, as some areas like medicine and AI generate far more citations than math or physics. While many papers receive few to no citations, 1,000+ signifies a groundbreaking, highly influential, or foundational work that has gone "viral" in academia, potentially launching a new research area.
 

I read the top 100 scientific papers of all time

What is the 3 paper rule?

The "3 paper rule" primarily refers to a modern PhD dissertation format where a thesis is structured as three standalone, publishable journal articles connected by an introduction and conclusion, forming a cohesive body of work. It can also refer to general writing/design principles, like the "Rule of Three" for structure (introduction, body, conclusion), the "Rule of Thirds"" in visual design for composition, or a "three-pass reading method"" for deep comprehension. 

How many citations does Einstein have?

Albert Einstein

For his 147 articles, Einstein has received 1,564 citations during his lifetime.

Is 40 references too much for 3000 words?

In general, for a 3,000-word essay, the number of sources depends on the topic, academic discipline, and specific instructions given by a tutor or an instructor, but it should not be less than 20 and not exceed 40. It is always better to have a few good things than many bad ones.

What are the top 3 Science journals?

The top three general science journals, widely considered the most prestigious and influential across disciplines, are consistently Nature, Science, and Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS). While specific rankings can vary by metric (like Impact Factor or h5-index) and field, Nature and Science are almost always at the very top, with PNAS also frequently cited among the most prestigious general science publications, according to this article from RePEc. 

What is a "partial retraction"?

These were cases when some aspect of the article, such as a table, chart, image, etc., was determined to be incorrect, but the overall methodology or conclusions of the paper were not affected.

Who is the most cited scholar ever?

The milestone makes machine-learning trailblazer Yoshua Bengio the most cited researcher on Google Scholar.

Is nature or cell more prestigious?

Each of these journals represents a different category with Cell being the top of its field, Nature Cell Biology a bit below, and Molecular Biology of the Cell well regarded for its solid work.

How many citations are good for a scientist?

In fact, in Computer Science, Engineering, and Mathematics, even for papers in ISI listed journals that are 10 years old, 4-5 ISI citations might be enough to put an article in the top 50% most cited papers in their fields, around 20 citations puts you in the top 10%.

Is 4.8 a good impact factor?

Yes, a 4.8 impact factor is generally considered very good to excellent, especially as it's well above the typical average (often under 1) and falls into the "good" (around 3) to "very good/excellent" (5+) range for many fields, though its true value depends heavily on the specific academic discipline. It signifies strong visibility and citation rates, but you should always compare it to other journals in the same subject category (quartile/percentile) for the best evaluation. 

What is the IQ of Albert Einstein?

Albert Einstein never took an IQ test, so his score is unknown, but experts estimate it was around 160 or higher, placing him in the genius category, based on his groundbreaking work in physics like the theory of relativity. While 160 is a common figure, it's an estimation, as IQ tests measure different aspects of intelligence, and Einstein's exceptional ability in theoretical physics might not fully capture his overall cognitive power, though his performance in other school subjects was less stellar.
 

Why did Einstein not like Oppenheimer?

After becoming aware of Oppenheimer's predicament with security clearance, Einstein laughed and said, "The trouble with Oppenheimer is that he loves a woman who doesn't love him—the United States government." At the IAS, Einstein acquired a "grudging respect" for Oppenheimer over his administration skills, and ...

Can I write a 10,000 word dissertation in 2 weeks?

Completing a 10,000-word dissertation in just two weeks is challenging, but a well-structured plan can make the task manageable. Planning helps you stay organized, reduces stress, and ensures that you meet daily word targets without sacrificing quality.

Can I get a PhD without doing a dissertation?

Yes, you can get a doctorate without a traditional dissertation through professional doctorates (like DBA, DNP, EdD) that use capstone projects, portfolios, or published papers instead, or sometimes via a "PhD by Publication" route, with these often found in online or accelerated programs focusing on applied, real-world research rather than extensive original, theoretical dissertation work. 

Is it hard to get a 2.1 in your dissertation?

It is almost impossible to achieve a 2:1 if your work is marked by significant errors in spelling, punctuation or grammar. In order to improve your dissertation grade, you should proofread each chapter carefully as you complete it, and also proofread the entire work as a whole.

Which scientist believes in God?

Yes, many famous and influential scientists throughout history and today believe in God, finding no conflict between their faith and scientific pursuits, with notable examples including Isaac Newton, Michael Faraday, Max Planck, Werner Heisenberg, Galileo Galilei, and Francis Collins, who viewed God as the source of the universe's order and intelligibility. These scientists often saw their work as revealing God's attributes, with some, like Newton, writing extensively on their faith, while others, like Collins, found faith intellectually satisfying. 

What are top 2% scientists?

There isn't a definitive "Top 2 Scientists" as science is vast, but Stanford University compiles a prestigious list of the "World's Top 2% Scientists," identifying highly influential researchers by citation impact, with names like Isaac Newton, Albert Einstein, Marie Curie, and Jennifer Doudna often cited as historical greats or modern leaders in their fields, but the list itself changes yearly and covers all disciplines.
 

Was Einstein a genius?

When we look at geniuses like Einstein, what they had going on inside their craniums was only the beginning. Think of it this way. If genius were a cake, Einstein would have had a bigger kitchen.